FEDERAL OAK

The Federal Oak, an Algerian Oak (Quercus canariensis), was planted by the Premier of New South Wales, Sir Henry Parkes (1815-1896), in February 1890 to commemorate the Australasian Federal Convention of 1890-91. The Oak is situated in the Parliamentary Gardens, which were first planted in 1865. In 1885 they were extended after land was purchased at the north east of the Parliamentary Reserve from St Peter's Church of England. A garden layout was prepared by Peter Kerr the designer of Parliament House. In about 1888, William Guilfoyle, Director of the Melbourne Botanic Gardens, redesigned the gardens and the planting was well established by 1892. The layout, including the Federal Oak, today conforms to this design.

How is it significant?

The Federal Oak is of historical significance to the State of Victoria.

Why is it significant?

The Federal Oak is of historical significance for its associations with the Australasian Federal Convention, the first meeting of statesmen from the colonies to agree to the concept of Federation. The conference also signalled the beginning of the constitutional conventions designed to frame a Federal Constitution.

The Federal Oak is of historical significance for its associations with Sir Henry Parkes, an important figure in Australian political history. Parkes first entered the New South Wales parliament in 1854 and first became Premier in 1877. He initiated numerous reforms and formed his fourth ministry in 1887. From 1889 he was a key figure in the federal movement and is regarded as the Father of Federation.

Group

Parks, Gardens and Trees

Category

Tree